Sauna traditions and customs around the world: Where and how sauna is practiced

01. 10. 2024

Saunas have been practiced in different parts of the world for centuries, but the way they are done can vary greatly. Every culture has its own traditions and rituals associated with sauna use, and while the basic principle is the same – exposing the body to heat for health and relaxation purposes – the details can be fascinating. We will look at some of the most famous traditions and customs associated with sauna use.

Finland: Land of saunas

In Finland, the sauna is an integral part of life. On average, there is one sauna for every two Finnish households, making the country a world sauna powerhouse. For Finns, a sauna is not just about relaxation, but a place where people gather with family, friends or business partners. In Finland, it is also common for people to combine saunas with swimming in a cold lake or rolling in the snow, which promotes blood circulation and boosts immunity.

One of the traditional rituals in the Finnish sauna is the use of birch twigs to massage the body, which increases blood circulation and gives elasticity to the skin.

Russia: The Mine and Its Rituals

In Russia, sauna, known as “mine”, has deep roots. The mine is not only a place of purification, but also an important social space where people gather, talk and relax. One of the key rituals is the use of “wreaths” – bundles of birch, oak or other twigs, with which sauna-goers lightly beat their bodies. This process helps to stimulate blood circulation and open pores, leading to intense sweating.

After a visit to the mine, it is typical to cool down with cold water or snow, which is a strong tradition both for the regeneration of the body and for the overall strengthening of the organism.

Japan: Onsen and Sento

In Japan, hot springs known as “onsen” are very popular. These are natural hot springs that are heated by volcanic activity. The Japanese believe that these springs have healing properties and that regular onsen baths can help relieve stress, relieve muscle and joint pain, and promote overall health.

In addition to onsen, there are also public baths in Japan called “sento” that serve a similar purpose to saunas in Europe, but with a greater emphasis on cleansing the body and social interaction.

Turkey: Hammam – steam bath

A hammam is a traditional Turkish steam bath that has a thousand-year history. The basic principle is to expose the body to hot steam, which helps to cleanse the skin, relax the muscles and promote general relaxation. The hammam also often involves a thorough exfoliation of the skin using special gloves called “bags” to help remove dead cells and promote regeneration.

A hammam is not only a place of purification, but also a social space where people gather and relax.

Where is sauna most popular?

Today, sauna is popular practically all over the world, but it is most popular in the Nordic countries, especially in Finland, Sweden and Norway. In these countries, the sauna is a part of everyday life and almost every household has its own sauna. In Russia, the mine is also a traditional part of the culture, not only in urban areas, but also in the countryside.

In recent years, saunas have become increasingly popular in other parts of the world, such as the United States, where the trend of infrared saunas and wellness sauna rituals is booming.